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What are the Different Types of Custody in Virginia?

While nearly everyone is familiar with the general concepts of divorce, child support, and similar types of cases, the field of family law litigation can be remarkably complicated when digging into the specific rules, guidelines, and laws for each respective case type. Custody disputes, with their many relevant factors and often emotionally taxing nature, are no different.

On top of that, each state tends to have its own unique guidelines and process for the handling of custody disputes in its legal system, adding another layer of complexity to the case.  

One state with a particularly unique system for custody litigation is Virginia. With several different options, including “shared custody,” “sole custody,” and others, there are a number of potential paths available for parents to take when handling a child custody case in the Virginia legal system.

Let’s explore these different types of custody arrangements to gain a better understanding of child custody cases in the state of Virginia

Shared Custody:

Shared custody, also known as “joint custody” or parenting time, is a relatively common arrangement where both parents equally share the responsibility of caring for their children. In Virginia, shared custody is often the presumption (in other words, the “default” option), reflecting the belief that children benefit from spending equal time with both parents. However, this arrangement may not always be feasible, especially in cases where factors like travel, military service, or parental health issues come into play. 

Primary Custody:

In contrast to shared custody, “primary custody” involves one parent being designated as the “primary caregiver,” whom the child will spend most of their time with. This arrangement is typically considered when one parent is unable to completely fulfill their parental responsibilities due to reasons such as work commitments, health issues, or other circumstances. 


Primary custody (along with sole custody) is an arrangement that often leads to more heated debates between both parties in a custody dispute. When one party, or both, pursue primary custody, it’s very common for the opposing party to strongly protest, normally out of fear of having far less contact with their child if primary custody were to be awarded to the other parent or party. 

Sole Custody:

Sole custody is essentially primary custody cranked up a few degrees, as it grants one parent full control over a child’s schedule, decision-making, and upbringing, with limited visitation rights granted to the non-custodial parent. This arrangement is usually reserved for cases where one parent is deemed unfit or incapable of providing a safe and stable environment for the child and, as mentioned above, can lead to very hotly contested custody cases in and out of the courtroom. 

Hybrid Custody:

In some cases, an arrangement known as “hybrid custody” may be established, incorporating elements of both shared and primary custody. This could involve a customized schedule tailored to the specific needs of the child and parents, such as alternating days or weeks between households. 

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In conclusion, custody in Virginia encompasses a range of options, from shared custody to sole custody, each tailored to meet the unique needs and circumstances of families. By understanding the different types of custody arrangements available, parents can make informed decisions that prioritize the well-being and happiness of their children. 

Remember, every family situation is unique, and what works for one family may not work for another. By working closely with legal professionals and focusing on the best interests of the child, parents can navigate the complexities of custody law in Virginia with confidence and clarity. 
Navigating the intricacies of custody arrangements in Virginia can be daunting, but seeking legal guidance can help clarify your options and ensure the best outcome for your family. An experienced family law attorney can provide invaluable assistance in understanding the nuances of custody laws and crafting a custody arrangement that serves the best interests of the child. 

If you find yourself grappling with questions about custody schedules, visitation rights, or any other aspect of custody law, don’t hesitate to reach out to a qualified attorney who can provide the guidance and support you need. 

Luckily, that’s where JC Law comes in. We’ve been handling complex family law cases in the mid-Atlantic region for more than 30 years, and we’ve recently expanded our expert service to the Northern Virginia region. 

If you or a loved one are facing a custody dispute, don’t waste any time and call JC Law today at (888)JCLAW-10 for your free one-on-one consultation with an attorney, or click here to schedule your consultation at your convenience.

Remember, at JC Law, we aren’t just your lawyer. We’re your legal ally.